Jan 4, 2023 · Purpose This study aimed to assess Epimedium herba residue (EHR) as a bulking agent for lignite and spent mushroom substrate (SMS) co-composting to develop a soil amendment/fertilizer as an alternative to current management practices (disposal in landfalls). Composting was performed in a 150-L composting box using different ratios of EHR (0, 10%, 20% and 30% of the sum of lignite and
May 21, 2021 · Edible mushroom are grown commercially using lignocellulosic waste by applying a biological process. However after the harvesting season about 70% of the substrate remain as a spent mushroom compost (SMC). SMC can be the source for retrieving value-added products which support zero waste approach.
Feb 27, 2024 · The main purpose was (1) to investigate the quality of compost with different bulking agents (sawdust and mushroom residue); (2) explore the degradation of lignin and the sequestration of organic carbon in each composting layer with different bulking agents and the coupled relationship between lignin degradation and potential carbon emission
9 Production of Mushrooms Using Agro-Industrial Residues as Substrates 167 the produced biomass is effectively used, less than 9% in the palm oil industry and only 8% in the brewing industry (L
Commercial compost is prepared using a large-scale composting system involving various techniques such as In tank composting, open air-turned windrows, or In tank tunnel composting. In most cases, various starting materials of composting on an industrial scale were used, and few reports have focused on the dynamics of the microbial
May 23, 2020 · Mushroom is an excellent source of nutrition, tonic, medicine and dietary food items being produced and consumed all over the world. Mushrooms are rich in crude fibre, protein, vitamins, minerals, contain low fat, calories and no starch. They provide carbohydrates of high quality enhancing the human health. Mushrooms are considered as substitute for meat and its nutritional value is comparable
Jul 23, 2019 · Thermophilic fungi are of broad interest due to their potential to produce heat-tolerant enzymes for biotechnological processes. They constitute a small fraction of the fungal biota that have a minimum temperature of growth at or above 20 °C and a maximum temperature of growth extending up to 60–62 °C. Composting is a promising source of
Jul 16, 2023 · Application rate: Apply mushroom compost at a rate of approximately 1-2 inches (2.5-5 cm) across the entire garden bed. Gently incorporate the compost into the topsoil using a garden fork or tiller. Avoid direct contact: Avoid placing mushroom compost directly in contact with plant roots or stems.
Jan 1, 2022 · During the production of these mushrooms, large amount of waste material, referred as spent mushroom waste (SMW), remained and it is estimated that approximately 5–6 kg of residual wastes are generated per kilogram of mushroom produced.
Feb 24, 2022 · Proximate analysis, gross heating value, mass and energy densities of raw mushroom waste compost pellets prepared at different composting hour. Figures - available via license: Creative Commons
Jan 27, 2023 · In detail, a good performance of composting, with an improved efficiency of the bio-oxidative process and a high quality of the outgoing compost, is obtainable when the compost pile reaches a temperature of 55–60 °C during the thermophilic phase, the pH is comprised between 5.0 and 8.0, the humidity in the mixture is almost 40–60%, and
Sep 13, 2023 · The high temperature during composting can eliminate disease-causing microorganisms and pathogenic bacteria in the spent mushroom substrate, rendering it more suitable for plant growth. Composted mushroom residue can serve as a high-quality organic fertilizer, supplying ample nutrients and a favorable growth environment for crops.
Jun 2, 2023 · As a refresher composting in general is the process of biodegradation and then repurposing of natural waste. Essentially, composting is nature’s magical, cyclical way of recycling organic matter. Many local governments are now implementing commercial composting systems, which are large-scale biological waste removal processes specifically
Jul 25, 2012 · The Ontario Ministry of the Environment (ministry or MOE) has prepared revised standards for aerobic composting of organic waste materials, supported by regulatory amendments. Ontario Compost Quality Standards (Standards) updates and replaces, except as explained below, the Interim Guidelines for the Production and Use of Aerobic Compost in
Oct 1, 2015 · During mushroom cultivation, a lot of WMS could be produced due to the utilization rate of mushroom growth to the original substrate (e.g., rice straw, wheat straw, cottonseed shell, and sawdust