Jan 1, 2022 · In the present chapter an effort has been made to explain the utility of the mushroom spent waste in the production of compost and vermicompost that increase the soil physicochemical properties as well as the plant productivity.
In windrow composting, the capital will be much higher. Making compost using turners and tractors would require $29,200 of annual investment. In static pile composting, you won’t need any turner or aerator, but a whole ASP system can be managed for $15,000 for 10,000 tons of compost production per year.
May 25, 2021 · 1. Introduction. China is one of the largest producers of edible fungi in the world, with 37.12 million tons of production per year (Meng et al., 2018).The annual production of residue wastes named spent mushroom substrate (SMS) in China is up to about 185.6 million tons, calculated according to relevant reports that 5 tons of SMS are produced for each ton of fresh edible fungi, approximately
Jan 9, 2022 · Composting is a self-heating biological process, and the heat is a product of aerobic microbial degradation of organic matter. The produced heat influences moisture and microbial community structure [ 37 ]. High temperatures have been shown to dry out the compost and inhibit the composting process.
Jun 2, 2023 · As a refresher composting in general is the process of biodegradation and then repurposing of natural waste. Essentially, composting is nature’s magical, cyclical way of recycling organic matter. Many local governments are now implementing commercial composting systems, which are large-scale biological waste removal processes specifically
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Jan 14, 2022 · Based on this review, the addition of microorganisms could enhance the composting process such as accelerating the organic matter degradation, mineralization and microbial enzymes activities, and the quality of the end-products such as high germination index.
Dec 12, 2023 · The compost created may be made available for residents and used at municipal buildings, schools, parks, along roadways, and in tree beds. Commercial and Industrial Composting. Commercial and industrial composting happen at large-scale composting facilities designed to handle a high volume of organic materials.
Aug 1, 2021 · Most composting raw materials used till date included animal manure [20], [34], [41], sludge [26], industrial or domestic waste [13], [23], with a small amount of straw or wood chips added to the compost. The succession of fungi community in Chinese herbal residue compost was also reported [30]. However, there are relatively few studies on the
Five agro-industrial residues, their corresponding spent mushroom substrates (SMS), commercial fresh and spent mushroom compost of Agaricus (SMC) and Pleurotus ostreatus (SMS GZ) cultivation, Pleurotus and Agaricus waste (stipes/mishappen mushrooms) were combined and re-utilized as novel substrates for the cultivation of P. ostreatus, P
Jan 4, 2023 · Purpose This study aimed to assess Epimedium herba residue (EHR) as a bulking agent for lignite and spent mushroom substrate (SMS) co-composting to develop a soil amendment/fertilizer as an alternative to current management practices (disposal in landfalls). Composting was performed in a 150-L composting box using different ratios of EHR (0, 10%, 20% and 30% of the sum of lignite and
Nov 18, 2022 · Waste mushroom substrate (WMS) generated in large quantities from mushroom production process has caused severe environmental pollution. As a sustainable resource, the valorization of WMS in the agricultural field has attracted attention due to the abundant active components. A comprehensive review of valorization of WMS in agricultural production is meaningful to promote the further
Dec 5, 2022 · Modern compost machines are the gateway to a circular economy as it relates to food waste and other compostable material. This decentralized approach to waste management eliminates waste hauling, renders landfills useless, and generates a valuable commodity, compost. Let’s get started. The chemistry of composting: Aerobic Machines Vs.
Jan 27, 2023 · In detail, a good performance of composting, with an improved efficiency of the bio-oxidative process and a high quality of the outgoing compost, is obtainable when the compost pile reaches a temperature of 55–60 °C during the thermophilic phase, the pH is comprised between 5.0 and 8.0, the humidity in the mixture is almost 40–60%, and
Feb 24, 2022 · This study revealed that the raw mushroom waste compost could serve as a valuable renewable energy source and that the production of energy-rich biomass compost fuel pellets without using any binder within a short composting duration is achievable with the aid of an In tank composter.